MOND

Einstein's true reason for the cosmological constant

The real reason why Einstein introduced the Cosmological Constant

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We have always been taught that Einstein introduced the cosmological constant in 1917 in his field equations of General Relativity to satisfy his desire of a static universe. But this is not true, and it hides the true reason why Einstein first thought about the cosmological constant: the problem of boundary conditions and Mach’s principle in General Relativity. We explore how Machian General Relativity is, and Brans-Dicke theory.

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Relativity of acceleration

Relativity of acceleration and Mach’s solution to the twin paradox

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Special Relativity features absolute acceleration for consistency. Einstein’s wish to relativize acceleration was not achieved, not even in General Relativity. Under a Machian perspective, Special Relativity does not feature time dilation or length contraction in empty space, unless an absolute background Minkowskian metric exists. How can acceleration be relativized? Which is Mach’s solution to the twin paradox?

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Mach’s principle: introduction to MOND and modified inertia

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Mach’s principle deeply influenced Einstein’s General Relativity, and following attempts to extend gravity theories. It’s implications and ideas are explained in relation to relative acceleration, inertial forces, Newton’s bucket of water experiment, and the gravitational constant, as an introduction to theories of modified inertia such as MOND.

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Modified gravity and inertia: Mach’s principle, MOND, origin of inertia, origin of the gravitational constant

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The lack of a phenomenological explanation of Modified Newtonian Dynamics and its falling short in galaxy clusters suggest that MOND is an approximation of a more fundamental theory of modified gravity or inertia. There are strong indications that point towards a Machian origin of MOND, providing an explanation for the apparent dark matter effects in galaxies. The origin of inertia and a derivation of the gravitational constant are also related to these problems in gravitation.

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