Dark energy

Is energy absolute or relative? and Casimir’s negative energy density

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Negative energy density arises in the Casimir effect between parallel uncharged plates in quantum field theory when the energy of vacuum at infinity is set to zero. But how does this negative energy gravitate, if it does at all? Which is the energy of the vacuum? Is gravity sensitive to absolute or relative energy? What does this experiment tell us about the nature of gravity and about scale invariance in gravitational models?

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Dark energy and the cosmological expansion: Energy conservation, GPE, alternatives to Doppler redshift

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Dark energy can be explained through an equivalent energy density of spacetime. This energy density, apparently created ‘from nothing’, may have an origin in the redshift of all forms of energy in the cosmos, by imposing cosmological energy conservation in General Relativity, or by considering the effects of negative gravitational potential energy. Other sources of redshift different from the Doppler effect arise in variable speed of light theories that might resolve the Hubble tension.

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Dark Energy from Cosmological Energy Conservation

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The value of the gravitational wave energy density is unknown. Current progress in gravitational wave detection suggests that the energy density of the stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) will be estimated in the next decades. We present a derivation of its value under the assumption that energy lost due to cosmic redshift is fully responsible for the energy gained by the cosmological constant in the expanding universe.

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Heuristic Determination of the Cosmological Constant with Higgs parameters

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We explore combinations of the fundamental constants in physics performing a dimensional analysis by brute-force through computation, in search of an equation resulting in the measured energy density of the vacuum or cosmological constant that is assumed to cause the accelerated expansion of the universe. A relationship between the Higgs parameters and the measured cosmological constant is found.

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